While Android 17's blast wasn't quite able to overcome Toppo's in an all out beam struggle, it inflicted an immense amount of damage on the Pride Trooper. And although Frieza did have a role in this, it seemed pretty apparent that Android 17's blast was what caused most of the damage. This is also made pretty clear when the android's blast completely engulfed not only Toppo but Frieza's blast as well.
Now, when Toppo was hit by SSB Goku's Kamehameha, other than a torn uniform, he was fine. He was more than ready to fight back and face off against an unspecified tier of SSB Goku's Kaioken. This is quite the opposite of how the Pride Trooper looked and reacted after getting blasted by Android 17 / Golden Frieza. Seemingly defeated, he likely felt the only way to remedy such a dire situation was to take the destroyer route.
I was also under the impression that Base Toppo wasn't going all out until he faced off against Android 17. I feel this is supported by how confident he was even after catching a glimpse of SSB Goku's Kaioken; this supposed level of power he was then about display in response to the Kaioken (shortly before Grand Priest stopped them) is likely the caliber he was fighting at during his battle with Android 17.
So while Toppo's blast somewhat outclassed Android 17's, it likely would have had a very similar effect on SSB Goku's Kamehameha if he was exerting himself as much as he was against the android.
Also, if Android 17's blast was really that weak, Toppo would have either jumped out of the way, or found some way to hold it back with one hand while defending himself from Frieza. The advantage he had on the android was probably so minimal that any abrupt change would have cost him the beam struggle.
Golden Frieza / Android 17's combined blast > Toppo's blast > Android 17's blast > SSB Goku's Instant Transmission Kamehameha >/ = Golden Frieza's blast >>> Ultimate Gohan's Kamehameha (against Toppo)
Frieza's blast likely only caused as much damage as it did because he blasted a defenseless Toppo from behind.
Now, when Toppo was hit by SSB Goku's Kamehameha, other than a torn uniform, he was fine. He was more than ready to fight back and face off against an unspecified tier of SSB Goku's Kaioken. This is quite the opposite of how the Pride Trooper looked and reacted after getting blasted by Android 17 / Golden Frieza. Seemingly defeated, he likely felt the only way to remedy such a dire situation was to take the destroyer route.
I was also under the impression that Base Toppo wasn't going all out until he faced off against Android 17. I feel this is supported by how confident he was even after catching a glimpse of SSB Goku's Kaioken; this supposed level of power he was then about display in response to the Kaioken (shortly before Grand Priest stopped them) is likely the caliber he was fighting at during his battle with Android 17.
So while Toppo's blast somewhat outclassed Android 17's, it likely would have had a very similar effect on SSB Goku's Kamehameha if he was exerting himself as much as he was against the android.
Also, if Android 17's blast was really that weak, Toppo would have either jumped out of the way, or found some way to hold it back with one hand while defending himself from Frieza. The advantage he had on the android was probably so minimal that any abrupt change would have cost him the beam struggle.
Golden Frieza / Android 17's combined blast > Toppo's blast > Android 17's blast > SSB Goku's Instant Transmission Kamehameha >/ = Golden Frieza's blast >>> Ultimate Gohan's Kamehameha (against Toppo)
Frieza's blast likely only caused as much damage as it did because he blasted a defenseless Toppo from behind.