In that case, to answer the question:
It's doubtful that Vegeta was thinking that specifically. He was just taken aback by how much wider the gap between him and Goku became, which was already quite significant. Vegeta tends to have heated moments when Goku achieves a transformation above his own capability (e.g. his reaction to SSJ Goku when he first came back to Earth, and his anger about Goku hiding SSJ3 from him). Other than that, this moment illustrated how an obsessive thought is still capable of creeping into one's mind from time to time, no matter how much the person tries to move on from it.