Surpassing Vegeta at that point would've hardly mattered. Freeza was still far stronger than them.
Gohan's increased power gave them more hope than they previously had...even if it was only a bit.
Now that I think about it, I'm not even sure if Gohan was that berserk when he attacked third form Freeza. He seemed to be quite pissed, but he was still under control. He even admits that he used all of his power against Freeza to no avail.
So it's far more likely Gohan is stronger than first form Freeza after being healed.